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 Types of dogs | How to take care of it and its various diseases

Children love dogs and are always looking to raise one at home, but many parents are confused about choosing the most suitable type of dog for home breeding.

Also, many do not know how to care for it and how to raise it and protect it from various diseases.

Dear reader, if you decide to acquire one of these animals and take it as your loyal friend and faithful guardian of your family, we invite you to read this article to learn a lot about their types, how to care for them, their diseases, and what can be transmitted to humans from them.

What do you know about dogs?

Dogs are carnivorous mammals, which vary greatly in shapes and types, and are among the first animals to be domesticated by humans since ancient times.

All types of dogs carry 78 chromosomes (39 pairs), while humans carry 32 pairs, and their normal temperature ranges between 37.7 - 38.8 degrees Celsius.

The number of milk teeth is 28, while adult dogs have 42 teeth, which are distinguished by their sharpness, especially the incisors and canines, to help them cut meat. They also have bumps on the top of their teeth that resemble the shape of a lotus flower.

Dogs are characterized by a very strong sense of smell as well as a sense of hearing that surpasses humans in stages, so many people are interested in raising dogs for many purposes, including guarding homes, guarding grazing animals, and helping blind people as well as police personnel to detect many contrabands.

The gestation period is about 63 days, and she gives birth to about 2-8 young, depending on the species, and may reach 12 puppies in some species.

How to take care of dogs

Dogs should be taken care of to keep them from various diseases, and to avoid various health problems and some undesirable behaviors.

Dear reader, here are several tips for taking care of different types of dogs:

Provide a suitable place for it, that is well ventilated and lit and its area is suitable for the size of the animal.

Offer clean water and food in amounts appropriate for the animal's age and size, about two or three meals a day.

Allocate a place to dispose of the droppings (preferably outside the house) and teach the animal how to handle it properly.

Teeth should be taken care of and cleaned with a special brush, as negligence may lead to tooth loss and may lead to heart complications.

Trim and take care of the nails regularly, so that they do not break or hinder their movement while walking.

Clean the body and bathe regularly, especially the long-haired species, to avoid insects.

Visit the veterinarian periodically for a periodic examination and provide the necessary vaccinations (especially the rabies vaccine).

Make time for walking and get some exercise every day.

Spend an appropriate time each day to consolidate relationships, thus preventing certain behaviors such as attacking others.

Teach the animal some new tasks and movements, and reward it for doing it to the fullest.

Consider him a member of the family and involve him in many activities, as he is a social animal by nature.

Domestic dog breeds

There are about 150 dog breeds, and we will mention here the most popular and widespread:

Golden Retriever

It is of medium size, and lives about 10-12 years.

It is characterized by its intelligence, agility and ease of training.

It is a hunting dog in origin, and is characterized by its skill in catching prey.

Quiet and one of the best types of dogs for family life and children.

His hair is long and golden, and does not cause allergies to humans.

German Shepherd

Its size is large, and it lives about 12-14 years.

He is strong, energetic, and loyal, so he needs to exercise daily to avoid nervous behaviors.

Suitable for guarding, police work, assisting the blind and all service work.

Labrador retriever

It is medium to large in size, and lives about 10-12 years.

Friendly, gentle, suitable for family life.

He needs vigorous exercise like swimming (a water dog) and running to keep fit.

His hair is thick and his colors are black, dark brown and yellow

Bulldog

Medium in size, live about 8-10 years.

Its shape is distinguished by saggy head skin, wrinkles around the mouth and nose, and small ears.

He loves walking and light exercises because he tends to be lazy.

His hair is short and soft and his colors are different such as white and gray.

Beagles

Small in size, lives about 10-15 years.

It is distinguished by its large and long ears dangling next to the face.

An energetic and always happy dog, suitable for active families and playing with children.

His hair is short and white with large brown or black spots.

Rottweiler

Large in size, live about 9-10 years.

One of the types of strong dogs suitable for guarding.

His hair is short and mostly black or mahogany.

Boxer

Medium to large in size, they live about 10-12 years.

Athletic, strong, intelligent and always brave dog, suitable for guarding and for the family.

His hair is short, smooth, and brown or gray in color with white markings.

 Siberian Husky

Medium in size, live about 12-14 years.

It is distinguished by its thick fur covering its body, and its small, erect triangular ears.

Its eyes are almond-shaped, blue or brown, or each eye is colored.

It is characterized by its high energy and durability, and can be used for traction work in frozen areas.

It is mostly black and white, or white and gray.

Chiwawa

Very small in size, lives about 14-16 years.

No more than 3 kg.

Suitable for playing with children.

His hair is soft, short or long, with many colours.

It is distinguished by its dense fur and its ability to withstand extreme cold.

The best home breeds

It is preferable to breed calm, non-ferocious dogs suitable for playing with children, which do not require special care or high cost of raising them. The appropriate choice should be made for family members and the nature of their activity, including:

Golden retriever (most popular).

Bulldog.

German shepherd.

boxer

The beagle.

Siberian husky.

Griffon (Lulu).

What diseases does it affect?

Different types of dogs may suffer from many diseases, we will mention here the most common ones:

Rabies

A deadly viral disease that is transmitted from one animal to another by biting, or contaminating wounds with the saliva of a rabid animal, and therefore it is necessary to prevent the animal from mixing with wild animals that carry the disease.

Symptoms

It takes between 2-8 weeks to appear, and the virus can be transmitted in saliva ten days before symptoms appear, so the dog is imprisoned until symptoms appear as follows:

Biting and attacking other animals or humans.

Increased sensitivity to light, hiding in dark places.

Water phobia (hydrophobia).

Hind leg paralysis.

Paralysis of the jaw muscles.

Foam in the mouth and drooling outside the mouth.

General weakness and loss of appetite.

Fever.

Biting and chewing at the site of the bite.

sudden death

This disease has no cure, the appearance of symptoms means the death of the animal, so care should be taken to vaccinate on time, knowing that vaccination not only protects the dog from rabies, but protects the dog if it bites someone.

 Parvovirus

A highly contagious viral disease that affects the intestines and may attack white blood cells and lead to death.

It is transmitted by contact with infected animals, their faeces or contaminated objects.

Symptoms

Lethargy and loss of appetite.

severe vomiting;

Bloody diarrhea foul-smelling.

Drought.

treatment

There is no treatment that eliminates the virus, but we use a treatment to relieve symptoms, so care must be taken to vaccinate on time to prevent the virus.

Kennel Cough

It is known as aggressive canine respiratory disease or canine aggressive bronchitis, and it is caused by a combined bacterial and viral infection, transmitted by air or by contact with contaminated animals and their objects.

It causes inflammation of the dog's larynx and trachea and is similar to a chest cold in humans.

Symptoms

dry cough

Fever.

nasal secretions

Distinctive cough sound.

Laryngitis and bronchitis.

treatment

Give some antibiotics and cough sedatives, and isolate the sick animal.

Parainfluenza and Bordetella vaccinations should be given on time.

Ringworm

It is caused by infection of the skin, hair and nails with some fungi, and it is very contagious to other animals and humans.

Symptoms

Skin lesions with redness in the middle, on the head, ears, front legs and paws.

The presence of scales and hair loss or breakage in these areas.

In advanced cases, the lesions may spread to the whole body.

treatment

Your vet will prescribe an antifungal lotion and shampoo.

Some cases need an oral antifungal.

Thoroughly disinfect and sterilize the tools of the infected animal and all its belongings.

Brucellosis

A contagious bacterial disease, the disease can persist for long periods, and is transmitted in many ways, including mixing with the infected animal, its tools or its various secretions, and it may also be transmitted through the air.

Symptoms

Swelling of the testicle and scrotum.

infertility;

Testicular atrophy.

Increased vaginal discharge in females and difficulty getting pregnant.

Poor fetuses often die.

Swollen lymph nodes.

treatment

Give two or more types of antibiotics for at least 4 weeks.

There are many other dog diseases such as influenza, canine cancer, diabetes, Lyme disease, and infestations with ectoparasites such as mange, ticks, fleas, and some types of roundworms and tapeworms.

Common diseases between humans and dogs

There are many zoonotic diseases that affect different types of dogs and are transmitted to humans, whether by direct contact, air, or by touching animal tools contaminated with its secretions, or by biting some insects such as ticks, fleas and mosquitoes.

These are bacterial, viral, parasitic or fungal diseases such as:

Rabies (rabies).

flu.

scabies;

herpes;

Brucellosis.

Lyme disease.

Tapeworms.

Therefore, care should be taken while dealing with it, taking the necessary precautions to avoid infection, and visiting the veterinarian when noticing any strange symptoms in the animal.

Finally, dear reader, should know all the information about the different types of dogs and how to take care of them, and choose the appropriate friend for family members and their various activities.

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